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Faktory ovlivňující míru nezaměstnanosti v Polsku
Kliková, Veronika
This bachelor’s thesis deals with the topic of unemployment in the Polish labour market. The aim is to identify factors that influence the unemployment rate and the long-term unemployment rate in Poland. The choice of variables used in the empirical part is consistent with the economic theory. The empirical part is based on multivariate regression analysis, and both models are created to describe the relationship between dependent variables and regressors. In the first model, the statistically significant variables are ALMPs and PLMPs expenditures, GDP growth and EPL index, and in the second model, the statistically significant variables are minimum wage, ALMPs expenditures and GDP growth. In the empirical part, regional disparities of the unemployment rate in the labour force market in Poland are described.
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Geographical aspects of the process of deinstitutionalization of the Sudetenland border
Korčák, Matěj ; Netrdová, Pavlína (advisor) ; Šimon, Martin (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate the impact of the former Sudeten German border as a primary factor on the socio-spatial differentiation of Czechia in time and space. The issue is viewed chronologically through the lens of the deinstitutionalization process. The main criterion evaluated within this process is the border's persistent effect on regional differences in its surroundings. The choice of indicators for which the degree of deinstitutionalisation is examined assumes that the expulsion of Czech Germans from the borderlands and the subsequent resettlement of the affected areas have transformed the population structures in the long term. At the local level, a quantitative analysis of selected indicators representing the three elementary population structures - demographic, social and economic - is conducted. The average values of the indicators are compared within the defined border zones in terms of substantive relevance. Data from the censuses between 1980 and 2021 are used, which allows us to track the changes in the influence of the historical boundary over time. A particular emphasis is placed on the spatial heterogeneity of the degree of deinstitutionalization of the Sudetenland border, which is thus analysed not only as a whole entity, but also in terms of its variability...
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Geodemographic aspects of the take-up, provision, and availability of the selected healthcare services in Czechia
Brázová, Kateřina
Geodemographic aspects of the take-up, provision, and availability of the selected healthcare services in Czechia Abstract This work focuses on finding connections and monitoring differences in the area of take-up, provision, and availability of the selected health services in Czechia, especially from a geodemographic point of view. The main goal is to describe and evaluate the influence of basic demographic aspects, age and sex, on take-up, provision, and availability of health services, and also to clarify regional differences. This issue has so far been studied relatively limited in the Czech environment. The work mainly concerns the segment of outpatient care, which is an irreplaceable component of the healthcare system, namely specializations of general practice, outpatient diabetology, cardiology, and psychiatry. Particularly data from the General Health Insurance Company of the Czech Republic (VZP ČR) were used, which contained detailed anonymised information on take-up, provision and availability of health services. Based on these data, methods of a quantitative character were applied. The findings confirm global trends and also offer new insights for further examination of the issue. Keywords: health services, physicians, patients, age structure, demographic ageing, regional differences, Czechia
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Geodemographic aspects of the take-up, provision, and availability of the selected healthcare services in Czechia
Brázová, Kateřina ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Lustigová, Michala (referee) ; Býma, Svatopluk (referee)
Geodemographic aspects of the take-up, provision, and availability of the selected healthcare services in Czechia Abstract This work focuses on finding connections and monitoring differences in the area of take-up, provision, and availability of the selected health services in Czechia, especially from a geodemographic point of view. The main goal is to describe and evaluate the influence of basic demographic aspects, age and sex, on take-up, provision, and availability of health services, and also to clarify regional differences. This issue has so far been studied relatively limited in the Czech environment. The work mainly concerns the segment of outpatient care, which is an irreplaceable component of the healthcare system, namely specializations of general practice, outpatient diabetology, cardiology, and psychiatry. Particularly data from the General Health Insurance Company of the Czech Republic (VZP ČR) were used, which contained detailed anonymised information on take-up, provision and availability of health services. Based on these data, methods of a quantitative character were applied. The findings confirm global trends and also offer new insights for further examination of the issue. Keywords: health services, physicians, patients, age structure, demographic ageing, regional differences, Czechia
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Regional differences in somatic development of pre-school children in context of secular changes
Ferris, Stáňa ; Sedlak, Petr (advisor) ; Zamrazilová, Hana (referee)
Testing of regional differences in the growth and development of preschool children is a neglected topic in the history of anthropometry. In this work, we focused on the differences between the current population of Prague, Olomouc and Bratislava. Given the very similar living conditions and socioeconomic maturity of all three regions, we did not anticipate their presence. However, the results of this work showed significant differences, especially in skeletal robustness. Furthermore, we tested the presence of secular differences in the growth and development of preschool children between the current population of Prague, Olomouc and Bratislava and the reference data from 1990 for Czechia and 1989 for Slovakia. We expected changes in height, length and width body parameters, gracility of skeletal robustness, and, on the contrary, an increase in adiposity markers. In the case of the Prague population, this hypothesis was confirmed except for changes in the width parameters of the pelvis, where a negative secular trend was demonstrated. The results of the Olomouc and Bratislava populations do not agree with European trends and the established hypothesis. Secular trends in growth and development are mostly positive. Key words Regional differences, secular trend, preschool age, growth and developement
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Regional differentiation of the population in the Czech Republic according to religious creed
Růžičková, Markéta ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Regional differentiation of the population in the Czech Republic according to religious creed Abstract The aim of this thesis is to analyze the population of the Czech Republic according to their religion, using the data from the census and current records. The first part describes the results of censes concerning religion between the years 1921 and 2011, focusing on the changes in the numbers of believers in the individual denominations. The next part is concerned with the proportioning of the believers in the individual districts in the Czech Republic according to censes 1991, 2001 and 2011, the districts with the highest and lowest share of believers and the analysis of the differences between the individual years. Furthermore it supplies analysis of the influence of religion on the demographic, social and economic characteristics of population, selected on the basis of consulted literature. The individual characteristics are analyzed using statistic regression, factor and cluster analysis and the influence of the resulting factors is described. Keywords: religion, census, Czech Republic, regional differences, atheism
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Accessibility of health care in the Czech Republic according to the geodemographic characteristics of the population
Novák, Martin ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee) ; Hnilicová, Helena (referee)
Accessibility of health care in the Czech Republic according to the geodemographic characteristics of the population Abstract Public healthcare is a subject that affects us all. The health and medical status of the population is a key measure of how advanced a country is. That is why healthcare issues attract so much debate. A number of factors affect the health of a nation. On one hand there are factors such as how individuals look after their health. Dietary habits, sufficient physical exercise and preventive care are all factors that the individual has control over. On the other hand, however, there are determinants affecting whether healthcare take-up is adequate. The cost of providing healthcare and medical equipment together with healthcare accessibility - the topic of this thesis - are factors affecting the population's health. It is the duty of all public healthcare stakeholders to limit the impact of these determiners. One of the main barriers to healthcare take-up is accessibility. On 1 January 2013 government decree no. 307/2012 Coll. came into effect quantifying healthcare accessibility for the first time. This law stipulates the local and travel time accessibility that ensures accessibility depending on type of healthcare on the basis of an upper travel time limit or waiting period....
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Electoral Geography of Poland After 1989
Šulc, Jan ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Kubát, Michal (referee)
The master's thesis "Electoral Geography of Poland After 1989" explores the spatial distribution of patterns of electoral behavior in Poland on the basis of analysis of the results of all presidential elections and elections to the Sejm that took place in the country between the years 1990-2010. The main hypothesis tested by this master thesis is that former boundaries between Russia, Prussia (Germany) and Austria (Austria-Hungary), between which the territory of modern-day Poland was divided in the 19th century, still have an impact on Poland's electoral geography. On the basis of this hypothesis, political parties and presidential candidates are divided into two pre-defined categories: traditionalist and modernist The validity of the hypothesis is then proven by visual analysis of political parties' and presidential candidates' electoral maps, and also by the application of Pearson's correlation coefficient on political parties' electoral results from constituencies and presidential candidates' electoral results from voivodships. In contemporary Poland, a clear rift exists between the parts of the country formerly dominated by Prussia (Germany) and major Polish cities on the one hand (also known as "Poland A"), and Russia and Austria (Austria-Hungary) on the other hand (which is sometimes...
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Electoral Geography of Poland After 1989
Šulc, Jan ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Kubát, Michal (referee)
The rigorous thesis Electoral Geography of Poland After 1989. The Spatial Dimension of the Results of Presidential Elections and Elections to the Sejm of the Republic of Poland explores the spatial distribution of patterns of electoral behavior in Poland on the basis of analysis of the results of all presidential elections and elections to the Sejm that took place in the country between the years 1990-2011. The main hypothesis tested in this rigorous thesis is that former boundaries between Russia, Prussia (Germany) and Austria (Austria-Hungary), between which the territory of modern-day Poland was divided in the 19th century, still have an impact on Poland's electoral geography. On the basis of this hypothesis political parties and presidential candidates are divided into two pre-defined categories: traditionalist and modernist. The validity of the hypothesis is then proven by visual analysis of political parties' and presidential candidates' electoral maps, and also by the application of Pearson's correlation coefficient on political parties' electoral results from constituencies and presidential candidates' electoral results from voivodships. In contemporary Poland a clear rift exists between the parts of the country formerly dominated by Prussia (Germany) and major Polish cities on the one hand (also...
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Primary School Pupil Numbers and Demographic Change in Czech Municipalities
Kusovská, Marie ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Kučerová, Silvie Rita (referee) ; Fiala, Tomáš (referee)
Primary School Pupil Numbers and Demographic Change in Czech Municipalities Abstract Following a sharp fall in fertility to its historical minimum after 1990, the population of Czechia began to increase again gradually. Consequently birth cohorts of varying size are emerging and these then enter the education system. Moreover suburbanisation has led to a change in population distribution. These factors have mean that in some areas primary school capacity does not reflect the numbers of primary school age children, with some schools having insufficient places and others suffering from a lack of pupils. The aim of this dissertation is to analyse regional demographic change in Czechia after 1990, including changes in the spatial pattern of compulsory school age children (6-14 years). The information obtained is set against the changes in the spatial patterns of primary school pupils and maximum primary school capacity. The whole analysis is undertaken within the catchment regions for combined primary schools (schools that provide nine years of primary and middle school education), which were created on the basis of the shortest road distance from the district to the nearest combined primary school. Webb's graphs were used along with spatial autocorrelation since these are appropriate methods for conducting...
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